Standard 6f Preknowledge
6f) Students know acids are hydrogen-ion-donating and bases are hydrogen-ion-accepting substances.
CALIFORNIA FRAMEWORKS SUMMARY: According to the Brønsted-Lowry acid–base definition, acids donate hydrogen ions, and bases accept hydrogen ions. Acids that are formed from the nonmetals found in the first and second rows of the periodic table easily dissociate to produce hydrogen ions because these nonmetals have a large electronegativity compared with that of hydrogen. Once students know that acids and bases have different effects on the same indicator, they are ready to deepen their understanding of acid– base behavior at the molecular level. Examples and studies of chemical reactions should be used to demonstrate these definitions of acids and bases.