Standard 7d Preknowledge
7d) Students know how to solve problems involving heat flow and temperature changes, using known values of specific heat and latent heat of phase change.
CALIFORNIA FRAMEWORKS SUMMARY: Qualitative knowledge that students gained by mastering the previous standards will help them to solve problems related to the heating or cooling of a substance over a given temperature range. Specific heat is the energy needed to change the temperature of one gram of substance by one degree Celsius. The unit of specific heat is joule/gram-degree.
During phase changes, energy is added or removed without a corresponding temperature change. This phenomenon is called latent (or hidden) heat. There is a latent heat of fusion and a latent heat of vaporization. The unit of latent heat is joule/gram or kilojoule/mole. Students should be able to diagram the temperature changes that occur when ice at a temperature below zero is heated to superheated steam, which has temperatures above 100°C.